HTML5 is a markup language used for creating the structure and content of a web page. It is the latest version of HTML and provides new features and capabilities that make it easier to create dynamic and interactive websites. HTML5 is widely supported by modern web browsers, making it a popular choice for web development.
In this guide, we will cover the basics of HTML5, including some of its new elements, and provide 15 code examples to help you get started with HTML5.
Contents
Recommended Books
I can highly recommend these books to help you learn more about HTML5.
- Responsive Web Design with HTML5 and CSS – Fourth Edition
- HTML and CSS QuickStart Guide
- HTML5 Pocket Reference: Quick, Comprehensive, Indispensable 5th Edition
Creating a Basic HTML5 Document
In this example, we have a basic HTML5 document structure, which includes the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration, the <html> element, the <head> element, and the <body> element. The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration specifies that this is an HTML5 document. The <html> element is the root element of the document and contains all other elements. The <head> element contains information about the document, such as the title of the page, which is displayed in the browser tab. The <body> element contains the content of the page, such as the heading and paragraph.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My First HTML5 Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to My First HTML5 Page</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Adding a Header
In this example, we have added a header to the HTML5 document using the <header> element. The header typically contains the website’s logo, navigation, and other important information. In this case, the header contains a <nav> element, which is used to create a navigation menu. The navigation menu is a list of links, which are contained in an unordered list (<ul>) and list items (<li>). Each list item contains a link (<a>) that navigates to a different section of the website.
<header>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#services">Services</a></li>
<li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
Adding an Article
In this example, we have added an article to the HTML5 document using the <article> element. The <article> element is used to define a self-contained piece of content, such as a blog post, news article, or forum post. The article includes a heading (<h2>) and a paragraph (<p>).
<article>
<h2>Article Title</h2>
<p>This is an article.</p>
</article>
Adding a Section
In this example, we have added a section to the HTML5 document using the <section> element. The <section> element is used to group related content together and is similar to the <article> element. The section includes a heading (<h2>) and a paragraph (<p>).
<section>
<h2>Section Title</h2>
<p>This is a section.</p>
</section>
Adding a Footer
In this example, we have added a footer to the HTML5 document using the <footer> element. The footer typically contains information such as the website’s copyright, contact information, and links to other pages. In this case, the footer contains a paragraph (<p>) that displays the copyright information.
<footer>
<p>Copyright © 2023 My Website</p>
</footer>
Adding a Figure and Figcaption
In this example, we have added a figure and its caption to the HTML5 document using the <figure> and <figcaption> elements. The <figure> element is used to group content, such as images, diagrams, and code snippets, that is related to the main content of the page. The <figcaption> element provides a caption for the figure. In this case, the figure is an image (<img>) and the caption is a paragraph (<p>).
<figure>
<img src="image.jpg" alt="Alt Text">
<figcaption>Caption for the Image</figcaption>
</figure>
Adding a Video
In this example, we have added a video to the HTML5 document using the <video> element. The <video> element is used to embed a video in the web page. The width and height of the video are specified using the width and height attributes, and the video controls are enabled using the controls attribute. The video source is specified using the <source> element, and the type of the video file is specified using the type attribute. If the browser does not support the video format, a message is displayed between the opening and closing <video> tags.
<video width="320" height="240" controls>
<source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4">
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
Adding Audio
In this example, we have added an audio to the HTML5 document using the <audio> element. The <audio> element is used to embed an audio file in the web page. The audio controls are enabled using the controls attribute. The audio source is specified using the <source> element, and the type of the audio file is specified using the type attribute. If the browser does not support the audio format, a message is displayed between the opening and closing <audio> tags.
<audio controls>
<source src="audio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
Adding a Canvas
In this example, we have added a canvas to the HTML5 document using the <canvas> element. The <canvas> element is used to draw graphics and animations on the web page using JavaScript. The width and height of the canvas are specified using the width and height attributes, and the canvas is identified using the id attribute.
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200" height="100"></canvas>
Adding a Form
In this example, we have added a form to the HTML5 document using the <form> element. The <form> element is used to create a form that the user can interact with and submit data. The form includes a series of form controls, such as text fields, email fields, password fields, and a submit button. The form controls are labeled using the <label> element, and the form control’s purpose is specified using the for attribute, which is associated with the control’s id attribute. The text fields and email fields are created using the <input type="text"> and <input type="email"> elements, respectively. The password field is created using the <input type="password"> element, and the submit button is created using the <input type="submit"> element.
<form>
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name">
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email">
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
Adding a Table
In this example, we have added a table to the HTML5 document using the <table> element. The <table> element is used to create a table that displays data in a tabular format. The table consists of rows (<tr>) and cells (<td>). The first row of the table is used to create the header cells (<th>), which are used to label the columns of the table. Each row of the table represents a separate data point, and each cell in the row represents a separate piece of data.
<table>
<tr>
<th>Header 1</th>
<th>Header 2</th>
<th>Header 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 3</td>
</tr>
</table>
Adding a List
In this example, we have added a list to the HTML5 document using the unordered list (<ul>) element. The unordered list is used to create a list of items, where the order of the items does not matter. Each item in the list is represented by a list item (<li>) element.
<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
</ul>
Adding a Description List
In this example, we have added a description list to the HTML5 document using the description list (<dl>) element. The description list is used to create a list of terms and their definitions. Each term is represented by a term definition (<dt>) element, and each definition is represented by a definition description (<dd>) element. The terms and definitions are grouped together in a meaningful way, making it easy for the reader to understand the relationship between the two.
<dl>
<dt>Term 1</dt>
<dd>Definition 1</dd>
<dt>Term 2</dt>
<dd>Definition 2</dd>
<dt>Term 3</dt>
<dd>Definition 3</dd>
</dl>
Adding a Link
In this example, we have added a link to the HTML5 document using the anchor (<a>) element. The anchor element is used to create a hyperlink, which when clicked, navigates the user to another web page or a specific section of the current web page. The destination of the link is specified using the href attribute. In this case, the link is directing the user to the “Example.com” website.
<a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example.com</a>
Adding an Image
In this example, we have added an image to the HTML5 document using the image (<img>) element. The image element is used to embed an image in the web page. The source of the image is specified using the src attribute, and the alternative text for the image is specified using the alt attribute. The alternative text is used to describe the image for users who are unable to see it, such as those with visual impairments or those who have disabled images in their web browser.
<img src="image.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="Alt Text">
Conclusion
This beginner’s guide to HTML5 has provided you with a comprehensive overview of some of the most important elements and features of HTML5. By following the code examples provided, you should now have a good understanding of how to create a basic HTML5 document and add different types of content to your web pages.
See Also
- JavaScript Beginners Guide
- Python Beginners Guide
- Perl Beginners Guide
- The Ultimate Web Server on Ubuntu 22.04
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